维基学院:研究範圍

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維基學院計畫的提案，包含了維基學院計畫中，對於研究所扮演的角色。許多學術研究活動的類型，自然會產出尚未存在於之前出版來源存在的新知識。為了鼓勵與管理這類研究，如何讓這些研究活動滿足維基學院所設立的研究指引，成為了一種挑戰與潛在的問題。維基學院的參與者進行了廣泛的學術研究活動，以支持維基學院的教育使命。然而，並不是所有類型的研究適合維基學院。本頁面提供各種適用於維基學院研究活動種類的例子，並列出不能接受的研究類型。

次級研究[编辑源代码]

針對已存在的知識進行學術評價（次級研究、文獻探討）是許多維基學院教育活動的一個組成部分。維基學院促進與孕育基於維基學院參與者學習目標的探索，而發起的所有這些二次研究，即使這會產生「新穎的論述與詮釋」。

維基學院要求所有維基學院參與者必須要列明可靠與可查證的來源（例子）。次級研究是維基學院編輯者的基礎技巧。部分文獻探討會無縫融合成持續性教育導向的研究計畫，更進一步就會產生新的原創研究成果（例子）。

原創研究[编辑源代码]

數種原創研究計畫類型，已經在英語維基學院開始進行。部分計畫轉向維基內部，探索維基為基礎的學習社群動態。如今，許多大型公開資料庫已經上線。部分維基學院研究計畫鼓勵維基學院參與者探索線上資料庫，並藉由蒐集從其他資料庫蒐集而來的資料進行研究。其他計畫則號召維基學院參與者收集新的資料。

以下是被認為是維基學院研究範圍，且已經開始進行的原創研究例子。（請添加其他非英語維基學院的例子。）

維基上的研究[编辑源代码]

Some original research activities are directed towards introspective analysis of how wikis can be used as a tool to support learning. Examples:

Developing Wikiversity through action research in its largest sense, the question this project will address is "Why Wikiversity?" In other words: why does Wikiversity exist, and what does its existence mean for the world of education, and for you and me? Wikiversity is a repository of learning materials, a resource for self-study, a space for collaboration, a space in which to learn collaboratively, a space to explore about learning, a space to learn about teaching, etc. So, how does Wikiversity do all this - "how" in the sense of "by what means" - and, crucially, "by what values"..

Learning to learn a wiki way - Using wikis as tools for learning is a new and evolving social practice. If Wikiversity is to succeed, we need to learn how to make the best use of wikis for learning. This project aims to be an exemplar of how a wiki can be used for learning and to refine, develop and expand on the social practice of using wikis for learning.

See also: Wikiversity:action research

使用公開資料庫的研究[编辑源代码]

The Observational astronomy learning project has activities for participants that guide them through the same process that an astronomer uses to analyze data. Participants in the Extrasolar planet project explore telescope data to find planets orbiting distant stars. The goal is to create a learning group where participants can compare notes and document the search process and to create an extended learning activity about exoplanets. No prior experience is needed; participants get step by step instructions on how to get started.

使用從維基參與者收集的資料進行的研究[编辑源代码]

Participants in the Bloom Clock track and report the bloom times of wildflowers and other plants. Bloom clocks are kept by gardeners, ecologists, and others who record the time of year different plants are in bloom. This project attempts to reduce the effects of anomalous data in an attempt to generate maps of geographical "zones" that can eventually be used when describing a plant's expected bloom time in a particular region.

不能接受的研究[编辑源代码]

原创研究五花八门，并非所有研究都符合维基学院的使命与 format。下面这些研究的例子就违反了维基学院的使命：（中文维基学院尚未就此达成共识）

  • 研究对特定产品、服务、活动、人员或其它事物的偏好，其目的违背了维基学院的教育使命的。但对于一些研究选择的关联或区别的研究也许可以接受。例如：
    • 一项研究，主题为人们对汽车品牌和机型的选择与其性别与种族的关联性 ，研究中试图包含所有可能的品牌，且研究出的模型可供所有维基学院的访问者使用的。
  • 违反维基媒体基金会政策，如隐私政策的研究。
  • 威胁或损害了维基媒体基金会及其各项目的声誉或公众形象的研究。
  • 违反法律或道德的研究。
  • Research that would normally be formally reviewed by an Institutional Review Board. (Exceptions: If a research project that includes research activities conducted within a Wikiversity website was first reviewed and approved by an existing IRB of an accredited research institution, and if the project was openly conducted according to the IRB-approved protocol, then it is likely acceptable for inclusion within Wikiversity.)

處理研究的程序[编辑源代码]

It is up to individual Wikiversity projects to decide the exact nature of their research policies - to define what research is (and what particular types of research are), and what is appropriate for that project. In particular, smaller Wikiversity projects may not feel adequately equipped (with policies and/or people) to deal with research. Therefore, each Wikiversity project must specify (before setup, or as soon thereafter as possible):

  1. What kind(s) of research it allows, and disallows
  2. Local processes for dealing with research

These can be copies or slight modifications of the policies on Beta, or of any parts of these policies. Below are a number of guidelines that each project must consider - at a minimum - in order to clarify the inclusion of research in that project. More detailed guidelines dealing with research can be found at Research Guidelines.

審查[编辑源代码]

In order to allow original research in a Wikiversity project, there must be a system of (peer) review in place. This is essentially a community-led process of flagging, discussing, modifying, and, where appropriate, deleting - see guidelines for details. In cases of significant or technical debate, a review board may be required.

標籤[编辑源代码]

Research of any kind must be tagged as "research" (eg., by adding it to a category like Category:Research). Material that appears to constitute research, and that is not appropriately tagged, may be removed from the site.

出版[编辑源代码]

Research added to Wikiversity is not automatically "published" (in the traditional sense), and cannot be added as a source for other texts in Wikimedia projects (Wikipedia, Wikibooks, etc.) without the appropriate peer review process.

維基學院在支持研究當中的角色[编辑源代码]

  • 维基学院的研究旨在补充现有的传统研究方法。
  • 维基学院为项目研究的新方法提供了一个实验平台。
  • 维基学院探索促进学习及促进维基媒体基金会目标的研究活动。

適當的貢獻[编辑源代码]

Research that is done on Wikiversity must be properly attributed to the participating researchers. Authorship must be clearly stated. At the English language Wikiversity it has been proposed that all editors working outside of the confines of a neutral point of view (NPOV) policy have a registered username and maintain a verified email address.


限制[编辑源代码]

Research projects should recognize the limitations of using a Wiki, and should elaborate on how the resources offered on Wikiversity are being used. A research project should address the extent to which Wikiversity is being used as a mechanism for:

  • Sharing content
  • Communication
  • ...

參見[编辑源代码]

維基学院
方针和指引
內容
程序
討論
態度


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